巖棉培的特征巖棉是疏松多孔可成型的固體基質，植物根系很容易穿插過去，透氣，持水性能好。巖棉培(pei)就是將(jiang)植物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植于(yu)一定(ding)體積的(de)(de)巖(yan)(yan)棉塊(kuai)(kuai)中(zhong)，讓作物(wu)在其(qi)中(zhong)扎根(gen)錨定(ding)，吸(xi)水，吸(xi)肥(fei)。其(qi)基(ji)本模式是將(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)棉切成(cheng)(cheng)定(ding)型(xing)的(de)(de)塊(kuai)(kuai)狀，用(yong)塑料(liao)薄(bo)膜包(bao)住成(cheng)(cheng)一枕頭袋塊(kuai)(kuai)狀，稱為巖(yan)(yan)棉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植墊。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植時(shi)，將(jiang)巖(yan)(yan)棉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植墊的(de)(de)面上(shang)薄(bo)膜割開一個個穴，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)帶育苗(miao)塊(kuai)(kuai)的(de)(de)小(xiao)苗(miao)，并滴入營(ying)養(yang)液，植株即可扎根(gen)其(qi)中(zhong)吸(xi)到水分和養(yang)分而長大(da)。若將(jiang)許多巖(yan)(yan)棉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植墊集合在一起(qi)，配以諸如灌(guan)溉，排(pai)水等裝置附(fu)件，組成(cheng)(cheng)巖(yan)(yan)棉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植畦，即可進行(xing)大(da)規模的(de)(de)生產。由于(yu)營(ying)養(yang)液利用(yong)方式的(de)(de)不(bu)同，巖(yan)(yan)棉培(pei)可分為開放(fang)式巖(yan)(yan)棉培(pei)和循(xun)環(huan)式巖(yan)(yan)棉培(pei)兩種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)。
